[SOIL]

Proctor (Compaction) Test: 
Determines the optimal moisture content of soil

Test Boring:
Measures ability of the soil to support structures

[CONCRETE]

Cylinder Test:
Determines the quality, texture and strength of hardened concrete

Slump Test:
Measures workability of concrete

Impact-hammer Test:
Measures strength of concrete

Kelly Ball Test:
Measures workability of concrete